feat(scroll): let users pick a crisp speed for their own panel

Whole-pixel motion was previously only available at multiples of the refresh
rate -- 100, 200, 300 px/s on a 100Hz panel. 100 px/s crosses a 256px panel in
2.6s, which is brisk for reading, and everything slower had to blend (blur) or
repeat frames unevenly (judder). There was no way to ask for 50 px/s and get
clean motion.

SwapOnVSync takes a framerate_fraction the display manager never passed. It
holds each frame for N panel refreshes; the panel keeps refreshing at its full
rate throughout, so holding costs nothing in flicker and only changes how often
a NEW image is presented. That turns 50 px/s into one whole pixel every second
refresh instead of half a pixel every refresh.

The crisp speeds are therefore refresh_hz / hold * pixels_per_frame, and that
ladder depends on the panel: a Pi Zero on a long chain has a different set of
good speeds from a Pi 4 on a short one. crisp_ladder() enumerates them and
solve_crisp() picks the best match for a requested speed.

solve_crisp weights motion quality rather than picking the numerically nearest
entry, which matters more than it sounds. Asked for 30 px/s, nearest-by-value
answers 28.6 -- 2px jumps at 14fps -- over 33.3, which is single-pixel motion
at 33fps and obviously better on the panel. The target is also clamped into the
ladder's range first, because relative error saturates near 1.0 for a target
far outside it and the quality penalty would otherwise answer "10000 px/s" with
the slowest entry.

configure() snaps to the ladder and applies the hold when given a display
manager. Without one the hold silently cannot happen and motion falls back to
fractional pixels, so it warns rather than failing quietly. set_frame_hold()
resets to 1 when scrolling stops, so one plugin's pacing cannot leak into
whatever is on screen next.

scripts/scroll_speeds.py is the user-facing part: it prints the ladder for the
configured rate, measures what the panel ACTUALLY manages (--measure, for
hardware that cannot reach its configured limit), highlights the nearest option
to a wanted speed, and demos one live. It never starts or stops the display
service itself -- doing that inside a script stranded the panel twice today.

Speeds below ~20 px/s remain stepped regardless. That is the pixel pitch, not a
software limit.

Also fixes the dirty-tracking test spy, which stubbed SwapOnVSync with a
single-argument function and would have masked the new call as a failed push,
and rewrites a configure() test that had started passing for the wrong reason:
it asserted a judder warning, which snapping now prevents, and was matching the
unrelated "hold could not be applied" warning instead.

183 tests pass on the Pi.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Chuck
2026-09-04 16:32:52 -04:00
co-authored by Claude Opus 5
parent 6031e70525
commit 6e8a9dd24b
6 changed files with 729 additions and 16 deletions
+74 -4
View File
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ Measured on a Raspberry Pi 4 driving a 2×128×64 chain (256×64 logical) at
**Motion is smooth when the strip advances a whole number of pixels per panel
refresh.**
On a 100 Hz panel the crisp speeds are 100 px/s, 200 px/s, 300 px/s. A speed
that does not divide evenly has to do one of two bad things:
Advancing one pixel per refresh on a 100 Hz panel gives 100 px/s. Slower crisp
speeds come from holding each frame for several refreshes -- 50 px/s is one
pixel every second refresh -- which is covered under *Choosing a speed* below.
A speed that lands on no such combination has to do one of two bad things:
- **blend** two adjacent columns to render a half-step — on pixel-font text
this alternates crisp and smeared frames and reads as shimmer, or as the
@@ -31,8 +33,76 @@ that does not divide evenly has to do one of two bad things:
Neither is tunable away. Pick a speed that divides evenly.
`src.common.scroll_config.resolve()` warns when a configured speed will not,
and names the nearest speed that will.
`src.common.scroll_config` solves this for you: `configure()` snaps a requested
speed to the nearest one the panel can actually show in whole pixels, and
`scripts/scroll_speeds.py` prints the full ladder for your hardware.
## Choosing a speed
The crisp speeds are not a fixed list -- they depend on how fast *your* panel
refreshes, which depends on its size, `pwm_bits`, `gpio_slowdown` and the Pi
model. A Pi Zero driving a long chain has a completely different set of good
speeds from a Pi 4 driving a short one.
```bash
# what can this panel do? (reads your configured refresh rate)
python3 scripts/scroll_speeds.py
# what does it ACTUALLY manage, rather than what is configured?
sudo systemctl stop ledmatrix
sudo python3 scripts/scroll_speeds.py --measure
sudo systemctl start ledmatrix
# highlight the closest option to the speed you want
python3 scripts/scroll_speeds.py --want 45
# try one on the panel
sudo systemctl stop ledmatrix
sudo python3 scripts/scroll_speeds.py --demo 50
sudo systemctl start ledmatrix
```
Sample ladder for a 100 Hz panel:
```
20.0 px/s (1px every 5 refreshes = 20.0 fps, slightly stepped)
25.0 px/s (1px every 4 refreshes = 25.0 fps, slightly stepped)
33.3 px/s (1px every 3 refreshes = 33.3 fps, smooth)
50.0 px/s (1px every 2 refreshes = 50.0 fps, smooth)
66.7 px/s (2px every 3 refreshes = 33.3 fps, smooth)
100.0 px/s (1px every 1 refresh = 100.0 fps, smooth)
```
### How a slow speed stays crisp
`SwapOnVSync(canvas, framerate_fraction)` holds each frame for N panel
refreshes. **The panel keeps refreshing at its full rate either way**, so
holding a frame costs nothing in flicker -- it only changes how often a *new*
image is presented. That is what allows 50 px/s to be one whole pixel every
second refresh, instead of half a pixel every refresh (which has no good
rendering, only a choice between blur and judder).
`scroll_config.configure()` snaps the requested speed to the nearest entry on
the ladder and applies the hold, provided it is given the display manager:
```python
scroll_config.configure(
self.scroll_helper,
plugin_config=self.config,
global_config=self.global_config,
display_manager=self.display_manager, # required for the hold to apply
)
```
Without `display_manager` a sub-refresh speed still resolves, but the hold is
never applied and the motion falls back to fractional pixels -- so `configure`
logs a warning rather than failing quietly. Pass `snap_to_crisp=False` to keep
an exact requested speed and accept the artefacts.
Speeds slower than about 20 px/s are stepped no matter what, because a 1-pixel
advance at 20 fps is simply a coarse increment. That is the pixel pitch, not a
software limit; the only way to move in smaller increments is sub-pixel
blending, which this display does not tolerate (see above).
## Configuring a plugin